sagendorph



(No Model.) 2 She'etsSheet 1.

L. L. SAGENDORPH.

METAL ROOF.

Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

BIO/313,376.

Zia uis Z gjell 628177.172,

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. L. SAGENDORPH.

(No Model.)

METAL ROOF.

Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

INVENTOR 25 (MA 41%.

ATTORNBY-S WITNESSES; *zf/ I liNTTnn STATES I PATENT Oriana.

L. LEWIS SAGENDORPH, OFOINOINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HARLAN P. LLOYD, OF SAME PLACE.

METAL ROOF.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,376, dated March 3, 1885.

' Application filed August 18, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, L. LEWIS SAGENDORPH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gincinnati, Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Metal Roofs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to sheet-metal roofing in respect to the methods of attaching the same to the rafters or sheathing, and to certain peculiarities of construction of the sheets themselves, as more fully hereinafter described.

In fastening together adjacent roof-sheets upon the rafters where no sheathing is used, there is always present the difficulty of preventing the sheets from falling down, slipping through, or sagging in the center, from weight of snow, ice, or other material on the roof. This is especially true of roofing-sheets having the standing upright edge of one sheet overlapped by the longer edge of the adjacent sheet.

The above-mentioned difficulty has heretofore usually been met by riveting or otherwise fastening the standing edges of the seams together, in all of which methods the seams have been punctured, which admitted water, causing rust and deterioration, besides preventing free expansion and contraction under varying temperatures, tending to make the sheets tear from their fastenings, and causing leaks. times, and many other devices, all of which, however,are complex, expensive, and troublesome to apply, and at best form but a clumsy and inadequate remedy.

My improvements are adapted for use whether the roofing-sheets be plain or corrugated,and consist, first, in forming at the edges of each sheet on one side a full-V crimp, and on'the other side a half-V crimp, turned in opposite directions. The half-V crimp is merely a diagonal standing edge with its suinmit slightly bent over and of same height as the full-V crimp at the other edge. They consist, second, in the use of the cleat with a single standing tongue (for which application No. 132,887 was filed May 27, 1884,) in such manner that when applied and pressed into place in full contact with the edges of adjacent roof'sheets by a tool of peculiar construc- Double-seaming is also resorted to at- 1 tion, adapted to turn certain parts of the cleat and full-V crimp over and under the edge of the half-V crimp, it forms a hook to bind and hold the parts in contact, and prevents either 5 5 from dropping or slipping past the other and opening the seam; and, third, in means to prevent condensation on under, side of sheets, all

as more fully hereinafter described.

Reference beingnow made to the accom- 6o panyiug drawings, Figure 1 shows a perspective view of two adjacent sheets; Fig. 2,

a perspective elevation of a cleat bent ready to use; Fig. 3, a perspective plan of a cleat; Fig. 4, a cross-section of two sheets with cleat 6 applied; Fig. 5, the same with cleat and sheets bent into final form by the tongs; and Figs. 6 and 7, end and perspective elevations, respectively, of the clamping-tool open and closed.

Similar letters denote similar parts.

a designates the full-V crimped edge, and b, the half-V crimped edge 011 each sheet, turned in opposite directions, the intermediate spaces being plain or corrugated without affecting the mode of applying the cleat.

E denotes the cleat with tongue out therefrom in the manner described in the application cited above.

The only variation in construction of the present cleat is in bending up the edge f at the time the tongue is struck out, and slightly curving the base of the tongue out where it joins the cleat. The curved portion f is provided with holes for screws or nails, and the whole cleat, when ready to apply, is bent into the shape shown in Fig. 2, by hand or otherwise, with'the tongue 0 projecting upward, and the edges e c at its sides, adapted to encircle a half -V crimp, b, and to receive over themselves the full crimp a. Upon being applied, as shown in Fig. at, the cleat is first placed over a half -V crimp, with standing tongue on the inside and base f on the outer side, ready to nail or fasten to the rafters.

As above mentioned, the present arrangement is particularly well adapted for use'where no sheathing is used, and indeed it will be seen that no sheathing need be used, whereby a considerable saving in the cost of a roof is effected. I

Having fastened the cleat, as just described,

we bring the outer leg of the full-V crimp on an adjacent roof-sheet over the edges 0 e and between them and the standing tongue 0, pressing it down to the bottom of the slit at the base of the tongue, thus covering the top of the half -V crimp and all of the cleat, except the standing tongue and that part below its base. We now bend the tongue over as far as it will reach, and, by the application of the clamping-tool illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings and hereinafter more fully described, we now pinch or press the parts together, when, as illustrated in Fig. 5, the edges 6 e and tongue 0 of the cleat are brought in close contact with the inner leg of the full- V crimp, and with it are bent into a hook around under the edge of and upward on the inside of the half-V crimp, which remains unaltered.

The clamping-tool referred to consists of two elongated leaves or clamp-bars, 3 4, pivoted longitudinally at one side, as at 5, and provided with operating-handles l 2, so arranged that when the handles are brought to gether the clamping-surfaces are apart, and vice versa. One of the clamping-surfaces is plane while the other is longitudinally recessed, as at 6, to accommodate the folds of the roof-sheets and cleat, and compress them together at their common base, as illustrated in Fig. 5. Thus the edges of the sheets are firmly locked together and fastened to each other and to the cleat itself by a means which does not strain, tear, or crack the metal of either the cleats or the sheets themselves. There is no puncturing of the metal. N o felt or other packing is required to make a tight joint, and expansion and contraction of the sheets is permitted, the edges sliding past and upon each other in full contact without tearing the fastenings from the rafters or opening the joints in any way.

To prevent moisture from condensing on the under sides of the sheets, which is the cause of much complaint in many metallic roofs, I coat them with Manila paper or other non-conductor before crimping them, and I find that this will prevent the moisture from collecting, and consequently from rusting the under side of the roof,which no paint entirely prevents. The paper or similar substance being a non-conductor of heat, prevents the air in contact with the underside of the rooffrom being cooled to the dew-point should the outside air be colder than that in the building,

and being easily and cheaply applied adds only a trifle to the cost of the roof.

As set forth in the application cited above, water falling on the cleat at the base of the tongue passes unobstructed through the slits to the roof and has no place to lodge and create rust.

By the use of my improved roof-sheets and cleats, a firm and rigid seam is secured, the hook-joint preventing either sheet from slipping down or out of contact and holding it firmly to the rafters against the pressure of ice, snow, or winds. It also dispenses with the use of sheathing, as the cleats are fastened directly to the rafters, and thus a great saving of cost is effected, and it avoids all necessity for fastening the sheets together by rivets, nails, or other similar means, and consequent puncturing of the sheets, and it further avoids the use of felt or other packing.

By employing suitable machinery I am enabled to crimp the sheets and coat their under sides with the non-conductor, as above described, at trifling cost, and from the simplicity and cheapness of the cleat am enabled to make and apply them, in connection with the sheets, at moderate cost, to form a cheaper and more durable metallic roof than any I have yet seen.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Pat ent of the United States-- 1. A metallic roofingsheet with a plain or corrugated surface, provided at one edge with full standing V-orimp and at the other edge with a half standing V-erimp of same height, and with under surface coated with a nonconducting material, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 2. The combination of roofing-sheets C G, crimped at one edge with a full standing V- crimp and at the other edge with a half standing V-crimp, and with under sides coated as described, with cleats E, adapted to lock and hold the sheets together in a standing seam, substantially as and for the purpose specified. 3. A metallic roof consisting of metallic sheets 0 0, provided at adjacent edges with I full and half standing V-crimps, as described, with or without coating on the under sides, held in contact with each other and to the rafters by cleats E, having standing tongues c and adapted to be fastened to the rafters as described, and further adapted to be bent in contactwith theinnerleg ofthefullstandingV- crimp over, under, and around the unchanged halfstanding V-crimp, for the purpose of forming a hook-j oint to hold the sheets together, the whole arranged and combined substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

L. LEWIS SAGEXDORPH.

Witnesses:

R. M. HOSEA, ABRAM MAY. 

